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  • The Economy Is Doing Just Fine

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    Looking at the latest daily and weekly data shows that retail sales are strong, jobless claims are falling, restaurant bookings are strong, air travel is strong, hotel occupancy rates are high, bank credit growth is accelerating, bankruptcy filings are trending lower, credit card spending is solid, and Broadway show attendance and box office grosses are strong. The Atlanta Fed’s GDP Now estimate for third quarter GDP is 2.4%, and the Dallas Fed weekly GDP indicator is 2.3%. Finally, we added a new chart with state-level GDP for New York, California, and Texas, which also shows continued strength, see below. The bottom line is that there are no signs of a recession in the incoming data, see also our chart book with daily and weekly data available here.

    Weekly economic indicators for New York, California, and Texas
    Source: Baumeister, Christiane, Danilo Leiva-Leon, and Eric Sims (2024), “Tracking Weekly State-Level Economic Conditions,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 106(2), 483-504., Apollo Chief Economist. Note: The economic conditions indices are computed with mixed-frequency dynamic factor models with weekly, monthly, and quarterly variables that cover multiple dimensions of state economies. The indices are scaled to 4-quarter growth rates of US real GDP and normalized such that a value of zero indicates national long-run growth.

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  • Too Early to Buy Distressed CRE

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The argument for buying distressed commercial real estate today is that interest rates are about to come down. But if interest rates come down because of a recession, then buying distressed CRE today is not a good idea. If the economy starts to slow down more meaningfully, as the consensus expects, the problems for rental housing, multifamily, and warehouses will get a lot worse.

    CMBS loan delinquency for office
    Source: Moody’s, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Central Bank Gold Demand Remains Strong

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    Central banks are buying more gold, see charts below.

    Central banks buying more gold
    Source: World Gold Council, Apollo Chief Economist
    Central bank gold demand remains strong
    Source: World Gold Council, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Household Debt to Income

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    US households are in much better shape than households in Canada and the UK, see the chart below.

    Household debt to income is relatively low in the US
    Note: Household debt is defined as all liabilities of households (including non-profit institutions serving households) that require payments of interest or principal by households to the creditors at fixed dates in the future. Debt is calculated as the sum of the following liability categories: loans (primarily mortgage loans and consumer credit) and other accounts payable. The indicator is measured as a percentage of net household disposable income. Source: OECD, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • S&P 500 Firms Less Worried About a Recession

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The media is full of anecdotes from earnings calls about the economy supposedly slowing down.

    But the reality is that firms on earnings calls talk less and less about recession, see chart below.

    In fact, we have never had a recession at the current low level of recession talk, see again chart below.

    S&P 500: Number of times the word “recession” was mentioned on earnings calls
    Source: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Weaker Demand for Treasuries

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    When a US government bond auction is announced, a new when-issued bond starts trading, which allows the market to trade the new Treasury bond before the auction has completed. Such trading activity promotes price discovery and allows the market to trade the government bond before it is available for sale.

    When the auction is complete, the yield difference between the when-issued bond and the new bond is generally called the tail. Specifically, a one basis point tail means that the auction result was one basis point higher than where the when-issued yield was trading minutes before the auction was completed, normally at 1 p.m.

    This past week, there were auctions for 10-year and 30-year Treasuries, and they both tailed three basis points, which signals that demand for Treasuries was significantly weaker than the market expected. The chart below shows tails for 10-year auctions since January 2020, and the chart shows that a three basis point tail is very significant.

    The bottom line is that the trend of larger and more frequent tails since the Fed started raising interest rates in March 2022 underscores the importance of investors closely monitoring Treasury auction metrics. These metrics can provide early indications of weakening demand for Treasuries.

    It is possible to track tails in Bloomberg using the tickers USN10YTL and USBD30TL.

    10-year bond auction tails
    Source: US Treasury Department, Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist. Note: Bloomberg ticker USN10YTL Index. Auction tail = Difference between the auction draw and when–issued price at auction. A positive tail means the auction yield was higher than or worse than expected. A negative tail means the auction yield was lower than or better than expected.

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  • More Data Centers in the US

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    There are more than 5000 data centers in the US. In Germany there are 521 and in China 449, see chart below.

    More data centers in the US than in all major countries combined
    Source: Statista, Cloudscene, Apollo Chief Economist. Note: Data as of March 2024.

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  • Still No Signs of a Recession

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    Jobless claims declined this week, the Atlanta Fed GDP for Q3 currently stands at 2.9%, and the Dallas Fed weekly GDP indicator is currently 2.2%.

    The bottom line is that there are still no signs of a US recession, and the US economy is doing just fine with steady growth in daily and weekly data for restaurant bookings, air travel, hotel bookings, credit card data, bank lending, Broadway show attendance, box office grosses, and weekly data for bankruptcy filings trending lower, see our chart book with indicators updated as of August 10.

    In short, Fed pricing is wrong, and the market is making the same mistake it made at the beginning of the year.

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  • Rising Share of Fixed-Rate Mortgages

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The rise in the share of fixed-rate mortgages over the past four decades is the reason why the transmission mechanism of monetary policy is weaker today, see chart below.

    When interest rates go up, it has a milder impact on the economy as mortgages are locked-in at lower interest rates. But this effect is symmetric. When the Fed starts cutting interest rates in September, lowering interest rates will not trigger a strong boost to housing demand because 95% of mortgage holders are already in mortgages with low interest rates. In addition, a record-high 40% of homeowners don’t have a mortgage, which also contributes to making monetary policy less potent.

    The bottom line is that the high share of fixed-rate mortgages makes monetary policy less effective both when the Fed raises interest rates and when the Fed lowers interest rates.

    Source: FHLMC, FHFA, Haver Analytics, IMF WEO, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Rising Labor Supply Because of Immigration

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The uptrend in immigration continues with a near record-high level of immigrant visas issued every month, see chart below. Examples of immigrant visas include employer-based visas and family-sponsored visas (such as spouses of US citizens). Maybe the reason why the unemployment rate is rising is because the government is gradually working through a Covid-related backlog of visa applications, which increases the labor supply.

    The number of immigrant visas issued continues to rise
    Note: The data is monthly visas issued. Source: US Department of State, Haver Analytics, Apollo Chief Economist

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