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  • Default Rates Declining

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The soft employment report for July is in sharp contrast to the steady decline in default rates seen in recent months, see chart below.

    If the economy were crashing, default rates would be spiking higher, and that is not what the data shows.

    Also, join us today for a live discussion hosted by yours truly on what the current market volatility might mean for the Fed, the economy, and the markets. We start at 8:00 am EDT. Register now.

    Default rates declining
    Source: PitchBook LCD, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • A US Industrial Renaissance Has Started

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The CHIPS Act, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the Infrastructure Act have triggered a new industrial renaissance in AI and energy. Also, US manufacturing capacity is now growing after having declined for many decades, see chart below.

    US manufacturing capacity has started to rise
    Note: SIC = Standard Industrial Classification. Source: Federal Reserve Board, National Bureau of Economic Research, Haver Analytics, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Labor Market Constantly Changing

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    Research by David Autor from MIT shows that 60% of today’s workers are employed in occupations that didn’t exist in 1940, see chart below.

    This is important when discussing what impact AI may have on the labor market.

    60% of today’s workers are employed in occupations that didn’t exist in 1940
    Source: David Autor, Caroline Chin, Anna Salomons, Bryan Seegmiller, “New Frontiers: The Origins and Content of New Work, 1940–2018.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 139, Issue 3, August 2024; Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Slowing, but Still a Soft Landing

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The soft July employment report is inconsistent with the hard data for economic activity, see charts below and our chart book. There are no signs of a slowdown in restaurant bookings, TSA air travel data, tax withholdings, retail sales, hotel demand, bank lending, Broadway show attendance, and weekly box office grosses. Combined with GDP in the second quarter coming in at 2.8%, the bottom line is that the current state of the economy can be described as slowing, but still a soft landing.

    What are daily and weekly indicators telling us about the US economy?
    Note: Data as of Saturday, August 3, 2024. Source: Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Since December 2019, US government debt outstanding has grown by $11.6 trillion, and over the same period, nominal GDP has grown by $6.7 trillion, see chart below.

    US: Comparing growth in government debt with growth in nominal GDP
    Source: BEA, US Treasury, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Business Confidence for Small and Large Firms

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    Since the Fed started raising rates, business confidence has diverged for small and large companies, see chart below.

    The source of the divergence is likely higher costs of capital for small companies that have higher leverage and lower coverage ratios, and lack access to broadly syndicated loan markets and private credit.

    In other words, the transmission mechanism of tighter monetary policy mainly works through smaller companies that are harder hit by Fed hikes and don’t benefit from tighter credit spreads and higher stock prices.

    Business confidence: Divergence between small and large businesses
    Source: Conference Board, NFIB, Haver Analytics, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • China is slowing, Europe is slowing, and the US economy is also in the process of slowing down over the coming quarters.

    As a result, commodity prices are falling.

    Prices for energy, which make up almost 60% of the S&P GSCI, are declining because of weaker demand from China and more energy supply in the US.

    Agriculture prices are falling, in particular soybean, driven lower by weaker global growth. But there are exceptions such as coffee, cocoa, livestock, and orange juice, where low supply is important.

    Industrial metals prices are falling because of weaker global growth. For precious metals, gold prices are rising as households in China diversify away from falling Chinese property prices and falling Chinese stock prices. Central banks are also buying gold.

    Our latest commodity outlook chart book is available here.

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  • China and India Decoupling

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The business cycles in China and India are decoupling after having grown in sync for decades, see chart below.

    Corporate earnings: The divergence between China and India is remarkable
    Source: Bloomberg, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Share of Energy Coming from Renewables

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The map below shows the share of primary energy consumption coming from renewable sources across countries, and the bottom line is that there is a significant need for investment in renewable energy around the world.

    Share of primary energy consumption from renewable sources, 2023
    Source: Energy Institute – Statistical Review of World Energy (2024), OurWorldInData.org/energy, Apollo Chief Economist

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  • Fewer Publicly Listed Companies Globally

    Torsten Sløk

    Apollo Chief Economist

    The number of publicly listed companies has also declined in the UK, see chart below.

    The number of companies listed on the London Stock Exchange has declined
    Source: World Federation of Exchanges, Haver Analytics, Apollo Chief Economist. Note: The sharp decline in April 2021 was due to Brexit.

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