Work from Home Is Here to Stay

Apollo Chief Economist

Household surveys, entry swipes, and location data show that work from home has become a new permanent feature of the labor market, with all indicators moving sideways since 2023, see charts below.

Household surveys show that work from home is here to stay
Source: US Census Bureau; WFH Research; Barrero, Jose Maria, Nicholas Bloom, and Steven J. Davis, 2021 – “Why working from home will stick,” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 28731 (WFH Research | Survey of Working Arrangements and Attitudes); Apollo Chief Economist
Office occupancy rates have stabilized around 55% of 2019 levels
Note: Kastle Systems Back-to-Work Barometer is a weekly report that tracks office occupancy rates across 10 major US cities by analyzing aggregated and anonymized building access data. Source: Kastle Systems, Apollo Chief Economist
Office visits compared to 2019 levels
Note: The office building index analyzes foot traffic data from over 700 office buildings across the country. It only includes commercial office buildings and commercial office buildings with retail offerings on the first floor. It does not include mixed-use buildings that are both residential and commercial. Source: Placer.ai Blog Location Intelligence & Foot Traffic Blog, Apollo Chief Economist

Download high-res charts

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